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Price: 6000 Naira ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION The WTO and its predecessor GATT have formed rules and discipline for ensuring multilateral trade among nations. Its overriding objective is to ensure that trade flows smoothly, freely, fairly and predictably. At the heart of the system are the WTO’s Agreements which are the legal rules for international commerce. This appears to be the greatest supranational, international economic institutional structure established to promote international trade and globalization. However, these global trade rules formulated by the WTO are fraught with many inadequacies and hence pose serious challenges to developing member countries such as Nigeria. The immediate objective of this research was examine the propriety of developing countries like Nigeria signing these international trade agreements hoping that by doing so, they will reap huge economic benefits. However, the benefits and costs of trade liberalization (the driving force of globaliz...

Price: 4000 Naira ABSTRACT The aim of this paper is to examine the ownership, the legal framework as well as the basic components of the petroleum profits which components are revenue, adjusted profits, assessable profit, chargeable profit, assessable tax and chargeable tax.In Nigeria, the petroleum industry is the bedrock of the economy and is responsible for about 90 percent of her total revenue. Her other sources of revenue include, inter alia, agriculture, solid minerals, goods and services and most importantly taxes collected from various sources including the petroleum industry. Companies and corporations in Nigeria are taxed principally under the Companies Income Tax Act. Cap 60, Laws of the Federation of Nigeria, 1990.. While companies engaged in petroleum operations are taxed specially under the Petroleum Profit Tax Act, as amended (PPTA Cap.354, LFN, 1990). Because of the peculiar and complicated nature of the oil industry, the Federal Board of Inland Revenue ...

Price: 4000 Naira CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 Introduction The results of population pressure, urbanization and socio-economic growth have great social and economic impact on land issues in Nigeria. This therefore makes people to move from rural to urban areas and therefore, congested urban areas are in need for expansion but land is too scarce. Hence, to acquire land became even impossible because of the cost of compensation. These difficulties faced by both the people and governments make it necessary for the government to do something about land distribution in Nigeria. Consequently, the Rent Control Panel was appointed in 1976 and saddled with the responsibility to study the system of land distribution and speculation. They therefore recommended among other things, that the federal military government should take over all land in the country. This and many panels and committees necessitated the enactment of the Land Use Act which provides the framework of national pol...

Price: 4000 Naira CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY The patterns of inheritance and succession, particularly under intestate estate under customary law in Nigeria, have almost as many variations as there are ethnic groups in the country, and many of the variations are discriminatory in practice. The law of succession and inheritance reflects Nigeria's plural legal system. Indigenous customary law developed rules of inheritance for intestacy through the traditional canon of descent, as adapted over the years to changes in the society and the rule of natural justice as applied by the courts. Fortunately, nongovernmental organizations have been active in attempting to rectify the problems of discrimination. Rather than trying to cover all the patterns of succession, I examine a few of the succession patterns, with particular reference to the discriminatory aspects under customary law. I also propose reforms. Finally, I recognize the important work done...

Price: 4000 Naira ABSTRACT Every individual is entitled to the full protection of their rights because they are human beings. Men and women also experience health challenges but because women go through some biological and social processes that carry health risks like pregnancy and child birth they require adequate health care to be able to fulfil these roles. The research aimed to examine women’s right to health as a neglected issue that leads to maternal and infant mortality; to examine women’s right to health as a fundamental human right whose importance is such that no derogation should be encouraged and also to explain how socio-cultural practises contribute to abuse of women’s right to health. The main objective of the research is to show that the Nigerian legal system has not been able to capture the extent of women’s right to health under several international Conventions that Nigeria is a party to. In line with these aims and objectives, questionnaire and interv...

Price: 4000 Naira ABSTRACT The challenge identified by this research was the manner of collaterisation of credits by financial institutions. It was discovered that due to the volume of funds available at the disposal of financial institutions as a result of the consolidation exercise and stiff competition towards making substantial margin of profits, some financial institutions often comprise or even ignore standard in giving out credit to their customers because of a combination of factors viz:  Insider credits  Desire to make huge profits  Political reasons  Ethnic considerations Thus, as a result of the above factors, financial institutions often get saddled with lots of bad debts which usually militate against the growth of an organization with the likelihood of distress and corporate failure since the credits were not given based on business considerations. To arrest this situation, regulatory authorities like the Central Bank of Nigeria and the Nigeria D...

Price: 8000 Naira ABSTRACT Hitherto, to many, the concept of oil and gas was limited to the search for, work and win crude oil. So, for many decades, nations only concerned themselves with upstream petroleum activities. The availability of crude oil determines the extent of relevance a nation commanded at the global scene. This fact is amplified by the role Nigeria played in the struggle to rid Africa of colonial vestiges. The marketing of petroleum products (downstream sector activities) is therefore brought to the fore of the national petroleum industry. The issues of oil and gas in Nigeria are very topical and sensitive. The products of oil and gas are present in every home in Nigeria. Arising from this, the government became very much involved in the supply and distribution of its product. Various laws, including the Petroleum Equalization Fund (Act) Instituted as a result of the problems associated with the petroleum distribution, were put in place to govern the pet...

Price: 4000 Naira ABSTRACT This thesis entitled “An Examination of the Crime of Genocide under International Humanitarian Law” dealt with crime of genocide as an act of aggression which of recent presented serious threats to international peace and security. This is because this crime when committed within a particular state lead to murder of innocent people to such alarming propositions that the international community could not ignore. Global incidences of the commission of the crime of genocide led to concerted efforts of the United Nations to make genocide an international crime so that its perpetrators could be brought to justice through punishment. On this note, this thesis aimed at examining the legal framework of the crime of genocide through the study of the various constitutive international instruments on the crime of genocide and also that of the International Criminal Court (ICC) as the judicial institution responsible for fight against genocide in Internat...

Price: 4000 Naira ABSTRACT This work is prompted by the shortage of revenue accruing to the federating units in Nigeria. It exposes the potential of taxation as an alternative and or additional revenue source to the federating states in Nigeria. Using the doctrinal method of research, this work espouses the potentials of taxation as a viable means of generating revenue for the federating States in Nigeria. The work analyses the problems bedeviling the implementation of taxation as a source of revenue generation in Nigeria under the current legal frame work, it reviewed the approach adopted by Lagos State in its quest for fiscal independence. Based on the review of Lagos State approach, the work provided the possible solutions to the over dependence of the other states on the revenue accruable from the Federation Account by providing possible means that other States could use in other to attain the success of using taxation as a means of achieving fiscal independence as ...

Price: 4000 Naira ABSTRACT Differing is inevitable among people, because of individual natural differences regarding thinking, understanding, power of assimilation, intellect, etc. Thus, differences and contradictions are a natural outcome. Incidentally people have grossly misconceived differences of opinion among the jurists either due to their ignorance or lack of understanding of the nature of texts of the Qur’an and the Sunnah, and where the text is silent.Modern advocacy for adherence to hadith that has emerged in recent time, has painted a sordid picture of the classical jurists, depicting their works as mere academic exercise. This notion needs to be corrected. Otherwise, the Shari’ah will, in turn, not be suitable and applicable to new situations for which there is no decisive ruling in both the Holy Qur’an and the Sunnah.The aim is to show that the nature of the Qur’anic provisions makes the phenomenon of Ikhatilaaf (difference of opinion) among the jurists i...

Price: 4000 Naira ABSTRACT From the inception of modern taxation in Nigeria in the first decade of the 20th century the problem of poor tax administration has been the cankerworms that militate against an optimum revenue generation which affect negatively the government ability to render essential services to the citizenry. With the above problems in mind, various reforms were initiated aimed at improving the standard of tax administration in order to ensure an improved revenue generation by the government. The first of such reform were the Native Revenue Proclamation of 1906 which systematized all pre-colonial taxes that existed in Northern Nigeria which was re-issued in 1914 and extended to the West and East in 1918 and 1927 respectively. Other reforms followed in 1943, 1958 (Income Tax Ordinance of 1958), 1961 (Companies Income Tax Act No 22 of 1961) and 1993 (Finance Miscellaneous Taxation Provision Act of 1993).The above reforms all aimed at improving the standard of tax ...

Price: 4000 Naira ABSTRACT A company has over time proven to be a very viable form of business, the company has grown tremendously in size and number of shareholders base making it necessary that a few people be selected to manage the company on behalf of the investors since all of them Laws are put in place to put a check on these managers to prevent corporate abuse and ensure that the company is managed with due care and skill to the benefit of the investors. This research has shown that the government lacks the will and determination for the prompt implementation of its laws despite all the efforts made in providing the law, there are also some loopholes can through which fraudulent and dishonest persons can take advantage of for their own personal gains thereby defeating the very essence of the laws which are investors protection. An examination of some of the laws provided to protect investors in Nigeria shows their inadequacies and the fact that it has become a mere aca...

Price: 4000 Naira ABSTRACT The Freedom of Information Act, 2011 (FoI Act) was enacted at the end of nearly two decades of public advocacy and exactly one hundred years after the Official Secrets Act was first introduced into Nigeria as a colonial Order-in-Council. This law is Nigeria’s major legislative response to redress the balance of official secrecy, elitism and non-accountable government. The aim of this research is to provide an in-depth analysis of the right of access enshrined in the FoI Act in order to create the awareness needed to promote effective implementation of the Act and assist Nigerians know how to utilize the provisions of the Act. There is the problem of a veil of secrecy pervading public institutions in Nigeria. The result is that journalists and the populace are denied access to information that is critical for accurate reporting and unraveling the web of corruption in Nigeria. Similarly, a research institute or student is unable to produce quality work ...

Price: 4000 Naira ABSTRACT Marriage as an institution has been for ages the image of unity despite differences in culture, religion and civilization, and to some extent, has reflected the belief that neither man nor woman is perfect or complete without the other. This institution of marriage is today under serious attack from many quarters such that any keen observer can discern in the secular mentality of the contemporary world, an effort to undermine its natural and religious meaning. The meaning of Marriage is today being distorted to include same sex relationships. In view of this, a law has been passed in Nigeria to protect marriage as a union of a man and a woman; thus banning, prohibiting and criminalizing all forms of same sex marriages in Nigeria. This research examines the meaning of the concept ‗Marriage‘ distinguishing it from other types of marriages ‗in quote‘ including ‗same sex marriage‘ trying to analyze the implication of redefining Marriage as a union of two ...

Price: 8000 Naira ABSTRACT The subject of intellectual property rights without doubt, has attained considerable universal prominence, especially in its ever growing significance to the core values of human enterprises. In today’s world, the subject of intellectual property rights is so central and dynamic that it is the concern of many disciplines of law, technology, economics, health, culture, agriculture, environment, international relations, politics and more. Intellectual property has problems with political and socioeconomic contents, for example, piracy, counterfeits and imitation. This is as a result of advancement in technology touching on internet, digitalization through compact discs, industrial photocopiers and scanners. There are various numeric legal provisions, for example, Copyright Act, Trademark Act, Patent and Design Act which are supposed to deal with these problems. But because of the ever-changing development in science and technology, the laws are always ...

Price: 6000 Naira ABSTRACT Ever since Nigeria returned to democratic rule in 1999, there appears to be a general consensus that the true tenets of democratic policing and observance of human rights has not been fully realized. Democratic policing emphasized responsive and representative policing, accountability and transparency to the public, preventive and effective in crime control, possessing the requisite education and training as well as professionalism in all respect. All these are sourced from international best practices of what is good policing and given credence by the United Nations and other international instruments. For example, the Code of Conduct for Law Enforcement Officials serves as the model for every police organization that seeks to operate in a free democratic society. Here individual rights are guaranteed even though they are not absolute, but the police, in carrying out its duties, try to balance the equation and follow the “rules of engagement” permit...

Price: 4000 Naira ABSTRACT This thesis entitled: “An Appraisal of the Legal Framework of the National Emergency Management Agency (NEMA) in the Protection and Assistance of Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) in Nigeria” is aimed at examining the constitutive legal instruments guiding the National Emergency Management Agency in the protection and assistance of Internally Displaced Persons in Nigeria, through the study of other constitutive International instruments and standards on this subject matter. The justification for this research is the concern for the plight of the displaced persons in the last five years which has been criticized by research experts and international bodies on various grounds such as; the unwillingness of Government to take bold significant measures to address the problems of internal displacement till date, lack of long term strategic planning, implementation and evaluation framework by key Institution and, the prevalence of corruption which to a la...

Price: 4000 Naira ABSTRACT The effect of war has far gone beyond human suffering. Armed conflict has devastating effect on the environment. It is on record that some battlefields of the World War I and II are still unfit for human habitation and cultivation. Consequently, environmental law of war exists to provide protection to the environment during armed conflicts. This thesis examines the adequacy or otherwise of the legal framework for the protection of the environment during war time. It equally investigates the mechanisms for the enforcement of the legal regime on the protection of the environment. The main objectives of this thesis are to identify the legal framework on environmental protection during armed conflict; to examine problems if any in the enforcement of environmental law of war and to enhance access to information on the consequences of armed conflict on the environment. The thesis observes that some treaty provisions that afford protection to the environment...

Price: 4000 Naira ABSTRACT Terrorism has been a scourge both to the government and the people of Nigeria. The human and material loss recorded in recent past is enormous and has been a source of worry to all. The sources of information relied here are relevant text materials, statutes (including international instruments), judicial authorities, articles in journal publications and internet materials. The problem of this research work, therefore, is how to bring terrorism to an end in Nigeria.In view of this, the objectives of this research work, adopting a doctrinal research methodology, is therefore, to examine the legal framework for combating terrorism in Nigeria, to examine the causes of terrorism in Nigeria and to proffer solutions to the menace of terrorism in Nigeria. The major finding of this work is the conflicting role of the National Security Adviser and the Attorney General of the Federation. The 2013 Act stated that the office of the National Security Adviser shall...

Price: 4000 Naira ABSTRACT The current wave of globalization and technological revolution has tremendous effect on the way people interact, carry out business transactions and store information. The internet has a vital role to play in all these. Though there are numerous advantages associated with the internet today as it has made interaction, business transactions and transfer of data easy, cybercrimes which are criminal acts carried out through the internet or through computer devices are serious threats to use of the internet or computer devices. To make matters worse, there are no comprehensive laws which address cybercrimes in most nations today and law enforcement agencies and the judiciary are not properly “equipped” to handle cybercrimes. For instance, in the course of investigating and prosecuting cybercrimes jurisdiction is always very hard to determine in cyberspace, i.e. the internet. What makes the issue of jurisdiction paramount in investigation and prosecution o...